Batteries have long played a significant role in the construction of portable tools, computers, and mobile phones, as well as uninterruptible power supplies and satellites. Scientists have been attempting to increase the energy density of batteries for years (the amount of energy in a given size and weight). As the number of portable devices, ranging from industrial measurement equipment to mobile phones, expanded, so did the demand for larger energy densities. Battery weight became a problem as the number of telecommunications satellites expanded. Every advancement in technology has tended to place a premium on battery power. While scientists strove to enhance battery technology, electronics continued to advance at a dizzying speed, requiring ever-increasing quantities of energy and power. But it wasn't until the arrival of electric cars (EVs) that manufacturers started to take notice. Consider the value of batteries in providing a better range, greater reliability, and cheaper ...